@article {10.3897/zookeys.175.2388,
	title = {Katatopygia gen. n., a monophyletic branch segregated from Boletina (Diptera, Mycetophilidae)},
	journal = {ZooKeys},
	volume = {175},
	year = {2012},
	month = {03/2012},
	pages = {37{\textendash}67},
	publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
	abstract = {The genus Katatopygia gen. n. is proposed for the Boletina erythropyga/punctus-group that was first introduced by Garrett (1924, 1925) and currently comprises eight described species. Molecular studies have strongly indicated that this group forms a monophyletic sister-group to a clade consisting of all other Boletina, Coelosia and Gnoriste, and its monophyly is supported by morphological data as well. The new genus includes the following species: Katatopygia antoma (Garrett, 1924), comb. n., Katatopygia antica (Garrett, 1924), comb. n., Katatopygia erythropyga (Holmgren, 1883), comb. n., Katatopygia hissarica (Zaitzev \& Polevoi, 2002), comb. n., Katatopygia magna (Garrett, 1925), comb. n., Katatopygia laticauda (Saigusa, 1968), comb. n., Katatopygia neoerythropyga (Zaitzev \& Polevoi, 2002), comb. n. and Katatopygia sahlbergi (Lundstr{\"o}m, 1906), comb. n., all transferred from Boletina. K. sahlbergi is found to be a senior synonym of Boletina punctus Garrett, 1925, syn. n. A phylogeny based on morphological data and using parsimony analysis yielded four most parsimonious trees where the new genus is retrieved as monophyletic with high support. Katatopygia neoerythropyga is found to be the sister-taxon to all other species that form two clades, one with K. sahlbergi-like species and one with K. erythropyga-like species. A key to males of Katatopygia is provided. },
	keywords = {Gnoristinae, identification key, new genus, new synonymy, phylogeny, revision, Taxonomy},
	doi = {10.3897/zookeys.175.2388},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.175.2388},
	author = {Martinsson, Svante and Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein}
}
@article {45222,
	title = {Phylogeny of Pnyxiopalpus Vilkamaa \& Hippa, with the description of P. persimplex sp. n. (Diptera, Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {2743},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {56-62},
	abstract = {Phylogeny of the Oriental genus Pnyxiopalpus Vilkamaa \& Hippa, 1999 was re-studied in the light of the recently described, putatively related genus Vulagisciara Evenhuis, 2007, from Fiji, and a new species of Pnyxiopalpus, P. persimplex sp. n. from Selangor, Malaysia. Characters of these taxa were added to a previously published data matrix . The parsimony analysis yields two most parsimonious cladograms. In the strict concensus cladogram, Vulagisciara appears as the sister group of a monophyletic Pnyxiopalpus. Pnyxiopalpus persimplex sp. n. is described. The new species shares the basic structure of Pnyxiopalpus, but lacks some of the unique morphological modifications present in congeneric species. P. persimplex appears as the sister species to P. simplex, these two species together appearing as the sister group to all other Pnyxiopalpus.},
	keywords = {Diptera, new species, Oriental region, phylogeny, Pnyxiopalpus persimplex, Sciaridae},
	author = {Vilkamaa, Pekka and Hippa, Heikki}
}
@article {44530,
	title = {Parisognoriste, a new genus of Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera: Sciaroidea) from the Oise amber with redescription of Palaeognoriste Meunier},
	journal = {ZooKeys},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2010},
	month = {30/06/2010},
	pages = {79-90},
	abstract = {A new genus and a new species of Lygistorrhinidae, Parisognoriste eocenica is described from the Eocene Oise amber of the Paris Basin. Palaeognoriste sciariforme Meunier, 1904 and Palaeognoriste affine Meunier, 1912 are re-described. Lectotypes are designated for both species of Palaeognoriste. The phylogenetic positions of the new genus and Palaeognoriste Meunier are discussed. The paper is an example demonstrating a new approach in cybertaxonomy including automatic generation of manuscript within Virtual Research Environment (Scratchpads), semantic enhancements, and parallel release of the publication on paper and on-line accompanied with registration of new taxa with ZooBank.},
	keywords = {Eocene, fossil resin, New taxa, phylogeny, Taxonomy},
	doi = {10.3897/zookeys.50.506},
	url = {http://pensoftonline.net/zookeys/index.php/journal/article/view/506/472},
	author = {Vladimir A. Blagoderov and Hippa, Heikki and Nel, A.}
}
@article {Mohrig1999,
	title = {Sciarid flies (Diptera, Sciaridae) of New Zealand},
	journal = {Studia Dipterologica Supplement},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {1-101},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {checklist, Diptera, New Zealand, phylogeny, Sciaridae, Systematics, Zoogeography},
	author = {Mohrig, Werner and Jaschhof, Mathias}
}
@article {Rudzinski2005a,
	title = {Beitrag zur Trauerm{\"u}ckenfauna Taiwans Tell II: Gattungen Sciara, Schwenckfeldina, Trichosia, Leptosciarella, Baeosciara und Trichosillana gen. nov. (Diptera Nematocera: Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Entomofauna},
	volume = {26},
	number = {15},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {253-280},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {This is the second part in a series of taxonomic studies on the Sciaridae of Taiwan and represents the records of 20 species. 4 species could be identified as wellknown palaearctic species. Two of them are recorded from Taiwan for the first time. The other 16 species are described as new to science. The recorded species belong to the following genera: Sciara (3), Schwenckfeldina (2), Trichosia (4), Leptosciarella (7), Baeosciara (3) and Trichosillana gen. nov. (1). New morphological results in the species descriptions and the phylogenetic relationships between the genera and species are discussed under each genus.},
	keywords = {Baeosciara involuta, Baeosciara scotica, Baeosciara scotica macrotricha, Diptera, distribution, Laos, Leptosciarella, Leptosciarella dolichocorpa, Leptosciarella furiosa, Leptosciarella imberba, Leptosciarella ironica, Leptosciarella nativa, Leptosciarella neopalpa, Leptosciarella perturbata, morphology, Nantou County, Nematocera, phylogeny, Schwenckfeldina 	custodiata, Schwenckfeldina pravitata, Sciara, Sciara ruficauda, Sciaridae, Systematics, Taiwan, Trichosia, Trichosia conglobata, Trichosia controversa, Trichosia gravitata, Trichosia morosa, Trichosillana imperiosa},
	author = {Rudzinski, Hans-Georg}
}
@article {Rudzinski1999,
	title = {Die Trauermucken des Natal-Museums Pietermaritzburg (Sudafrika) (Diptera:
	Sciaridae). Teil 3: Eine neue Art der Gattung Moehnia Pritchard 1960
	aus Afrika},
	journal = {Entomologische Zeitschrift},
	volume = {109},
	number = {9},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {373-380},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Diptera, Johannesburg, Moehnia, Moehnia (Afromoehnia) breviatus, Natal, new species, phylogeny, Sciaridae, South Africa},
	author = {Rudzinski, Hans-Georg}
}
@article {R{\"o}schmann1995a,
	title = {Die Trauermuckenfaunen des Baltischen und des Sachsischen Bernsteins 	(Diptera, Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft fuer Allgemeine und Angewandte 	Entomologie},
	volume = {10},
	number = {1-6},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {637-640},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Baltic amber, comparison with extant taxa, Diptera, Europe, Geological 	time periods, Germany, Palaearctic region, phylogeny, Saxonian amber, Saxony, Sciaridae},
	author = {R{\"o}schmann, Frank and Mohrig, Werner}
}
@article {Serna2004,
	title = {The gene Sex-lethal of the Sciaridae family (order Diptera, suborder
	Nematocera) and its phylogeny in dipteran insects},
	journal = {Genetics},
	volume = {168},
	number = {2},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {907-921},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {This article reports the cloning and characterization of the gene
	homologous to Sex-lethal (Sxl) of Drosophila melanogaster from Sciara
	coprophila, Rhynchosciara americana, and Trichosia pubescens},
	keywords = {Diptera, Evolution, Molecular genetics, Nematocera, phylogeny, Rhynchosciara, Rhynchosciara americana, Sciara, Sciara coprophila, Sciaridae, Trichosia, Trichosia pubescens},
	author = {Serna, Esther and Gorab, Eduardo and Ruiz, M. Fernanda and Goday, Clara and Eirin-Lopez, Jose M. and Sanchez, Lucas}
}
@article {Vilkamaa2000a,
	title = {Phylogeny of Prosciara Frey and related genera (Diptera: Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Systematic Entomology},
	volume = {25},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {47-72},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Diptera, Dolichosciara, phylogeny, Phytosciara, Prosciara, Sciaridae, Systematics},
	author = {Vilkamaa, Pekka}
}
@article {Vilkamaa2005,
	title = {Phylogeny of Peyerimhoffia Kieffer, with the revision of the species
	(Diptera: Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Insect Systematics and Evolution},
	volume = {35},
	number = {4},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {457-480},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {The genus Peyerimhoffia Kieffer (type-species Sciara vagabunda Winnertz),
	currently classified as a subgenus of Cratyna Winnertz (type-species
	Cratyna atra Winnertz) is redefined and its phylogeny studied by
	parsimony analysis},
	keywords = {Cladistics, Cratyna, Diptera, Finland, Holarctic region, Nepal, Oriental
	region, Peyerimhoffia, Peyerimhoffia calva, Peyerimhoffia collina, Peyerimhoffia infera, Peyerimhoffia menzeli, Peyerimhoffia thula, Peyerimhoffia ultima, phylogeny, Russia, Sciara, Sciaridae, Sweden, Systematics},
	author = {Vilkamaa, Pekka and Hippa, Heikki}
}
@article {Vilkamaa2004a,
	title = {The genus Xenosciara gen. n. and the phylogeny of the Sciaridae (Diptera)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {699},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {1-24},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {The phylogeny of 50 genera or subgenera of the Sciaridae was studied
	by parsimony analysis},
	keywords = {Diptera, Malaysia, morphology, phylogeny, Sciaridae, Xenosciara invisa},
	author = {Vilkamaa, Pekka and Hippa, Heikki}
}
@article {Vilkamaa1994,
	title = {The genus Lobosciara Steffan (Diptera, Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Entomologica Fennica},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	year = {1994},
	pages = {41-48},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Diptera, Lobosciara, Lobosciara spinipennis, Micronesia, Oriental
	region, Pacific Ocean islands, phylogeny, Sciaridae, Systematics},
	author = {Vilkamaa, Pekka and Hippa, Heikki}
}
@article {Hippa2005,
	title = {Cladistic analysis finds a placement for an enigmatic species, Peyerimhoffia
	sepei sp. n. (Diptera: Sciaridae), with a note on its spermatophore},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1044},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {49-55},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {A new species of Sciaridae from northern Europe, with an exceptional
	combination of characters, is placed in the phylogenetic system of
	the family by a cladistic analysis},
	keywords = {Cladistics, Diptera, Europe, Finland, new species, Peyerimhoffia, Peyerimhoffia sepei, phylogeny, Russia, Sciaridae, Systematics},
	author = {Hippa, Heikki and Vilkamaa, Pekka}
}
@article {Hippa2004,
	title = {The genus Xylosciara Tuomikoski (Diptera, Sciaridae): phylogeny and
	review of the species},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Fennica},
	volume = {214},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {1-38},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {The phylogeny of Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1960 (type species Sciara
	lignicola Winnertz, 1867) and related genera was studied by parsimony
	analysis},
	keywords = {Alaska, Cladistics, Diptera, morphology, Ontario, phylogeny, Quebec, Review, Sciara, Sciaridae, Xylosciara, Xylosciara (Xylosciara) horrida, Xylosciara (Xylosciara) merodon, Xylosciara (Xylosciara) mohrigi, Xylosciara (Xylosciara) ontario, Xylosciara (Xylosciara) trigemina, Yukon Territory},
	author = {Hippa, Heikki and Vilkamaa, Pekka}
}
@article {Hippa1998,
	title = {The genus Pseudozygoneura Steffan (Diptera, Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Fennica},
	volume = {210},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {1-86},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Brazil, Brunei, Cameroon, Costa Rica, Diptera, French Guiana, Ghana, Heredia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, new species, Nicaragua, Nkoemvon
	Forest, phylogeny, Pseudozygoneura
	consilia, Pseudozygoneura
	torula, Pseudozygoneura, Pseudozygoneura clavula, Pseudozygoneura crinita, Pseudozygoneura indotata, Sciaridae},
	author = {Hippa, Heikki and Vilkamaa, Pekka and Heinakroon, Andreas}
}
@article {Hippa2003,
	title = {Phylogeny of Corynoptera Winnertz and related genera, with the description
	of Claustropyga gen. nov. (Diptera, Sciaridae)},
	journal = {Studia Dipterologica},
	volume = {9},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {469-511},
	type = {article},
	abstract = {The phylogeny of species of the Corynoptera clausa group, other species
	groups of Corynoptera WINNERTZ and related genera was studied by
	parsimony analysis},
	keywords = {Alaska, Austria, Cladistics, Claustropyga aperta, Claustropyga auriculata, Claustropyga ctenophora, Claustropyga elizabethae, Claustropyga obtusidens, Claustropyga simplicis, Claustropyga tumida, Corynoptera, Diptera, Holarctic region, Nearctic region, Ontario, Palaearctic region, phylogeny, Russia, Sciaridae, Sweden, Ukraine},
	author = {Hippa, Heikki and Vilkamaa, Pekka and Mohrig, Werner}
}
@article {Mohrig1999a,
	title = {The black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) of Papua New Guinea.
	Part 1. - Genera Sciara, Schwenckfeldina, Aerumnosa gen. nov., Cratyna,
	Phytosciara and Chaetosciara. Die Trauermucken (Diptera: Sciaridae)
	von Papua-Neuguinea. Teil 1 - Gattungen Scia},
	journal = {Studia Dipterologica},
	volume = {6},
	number = {1},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {153-203},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Cratyna, Diptera, Gulf Province, Ivimka Camp, Lakekamu
	Basin, morphology, Papua New Guinea, phylogeny, Phytosciara, Sciara, Sciaridae, Systematics, Zoogeography},
	author = {Mohrig, Werner}
}
@article {Menzel2000a,
	title = {Revision der pal{\"a}arktischen Trauerm{\"u}cken (Diptera: Sciaridae).},
	journal = {Studia dipterologica, Supplement},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {1-761},
	type = {article},
	address = {Halle/Saale},
	abstract = {The present work contains a revision of the Black Fungus Gnats (Insecta, Diptera, Nematocera: Sciaridae) of the Palaearctic Region. The opening section contains a historical review in which important workers in the field of sciarid research are discussed and their taxonomic oeuvre evaluated. Other sections contain fundamental information on the occurrence, distribution, biology and individual development. Our discussion of this family also devotes much space to describing successful methods of rearing, the role of sciarids in nature, their economic importance as pests of greenhouse plant cultures, and the biological control of the major pest species. A separate section is devoted to the migratory behaviour of sciarid larvae, the "army worm" phenomenon. These introductory sections are completed with a detailed characterisation of the family and a discussion of its systematic position within the Diptera.

The results of our revision of the sciarid fauna of the Palaearctic region have led not only to great changes in taxonomy and nomenclature but also to a considerable increase in the number of species. At the species level, it has been necessary to make 375 lectotype designations, 143 new combinations and 3 changes of status. In addition, 4 preoccupied names were replaced and 199 new synonyms discovered. At the present time the list of described Palaearctic Sciaridae stands at 836 valid species, 412 synonyms, 24 species incertae and 41 nomina dubia. So far as supra-specific taxa are concerned, 91 names have been recorded from the Palaearctic region of which 33 are synonyms according to present knowledge. A hypothetical phylogenetic tree for the Palaearctic sciarid genera could be developed. The weak points in this tree [convergence, non-monophyla] or alternative hypotheses of relationship are discussed
at the relevant points. From this analysis, we recognise in this revision a classification of the Palaearctic Sciaridae composed of 28 genera and 30 subgenera. In order to facilitate identification of the species, 61 species groups have been defined and under each genus a list is given of the included species.

To resolve various taxonomic-nomenclatural, phylogenetic or zoogeographic problems we also partially revised selections of material from the Afrotropical, Australian, Nearctic, Neotropical and Oriental regions. The results from this study were of considerable significance for the present revision because they contributed to almost every one of the topics covered, substantially enhanced the discussion of Palaearctic faunistic elements, and consequently they run through the entire work. Some of the non-Palaearctic types that we revised are of direct relevance to this Palaearctic revision. For this reason, we have 	included an appendix in which redescriptions are given of certain type-species and of relevant species from other faunal regions.

The present work has very much the character of a Handbook, in which everything of value and interest about the Black Fungus Gnats of the Palaearctic Region has been included. The bibliography claims to be complete at least as far as the descriptive literature on the recent Palaearctic fauna is concerned. The results of our revision are illustrated by 612 figures, 4 diagrams and 3 tables. As a work of reference, it contains the most recent research results on the taxonomy and classification, a comprehensive list of sources, and an index of sciarid names. Moreover, the updated check list, which is based on a revised nomenclature and a stabilised classification, subsumes current "state-of-the-art" knowledge of the species of the Palaearctic region into a species inventory. The 18 identification keys provide the user with a much improved tool for identification, which includes for the first time all the revised species of the Palaearctic region. With these keys species can be assigned to genera, subgenera and species groups. In addition, the non-specialist, confronted with the task of identifying sciarids, is provided with the possibility of narrowing down considerably the number of species that he has to take into consideration.},
	keywords = {army worm, biology, identification keys, Palaearctic region, phylogeny, Sciaridae, Taxonomy, Zoogeography},
	author = {Menzel, Frank and Mohrig, Werner}
}
@inbook {23443,
	title = {Comparative biochemistry of animal systems},
	booktitle = {Bioluminescence in action.},
	year = {1978},
	note = {Book chapterLondon, New York \& San Francisco},
	pages = {75-108},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	organization = {Academic Press},
	keywords = {Arachnocampa, Biochemistry, Coelenterate related luciferin, Coleoptera, Colour and luminescence, Cypridina, Diptera, Evolution, Lampyridae, luciferase system, Luciferin, Luminescence, Mysidacea, Natantia, phylogeny},
	author = {Cormier, M. J.},
	editor = {Herring, P. J.}
}
@article {22841,
	title = {The mycetophagous and entomophagous stages of Iotonchium californicum n. sp. (Iotonchiidae: Tylenchida)},
	journal = {REVUE DE NEMATOLOGIE},
	volume = {14},
	number = {4},
	year = {1991},
	note = {English},
	pages = {565-580},
	keywords = {Agrocybe praecox, Alameda County, Albany, California, Dipteran host relationships, evidence from amber, first description of complete life cycle for genus, first record for genus, fungal hosts, Iotonchium californicum, Mycetophila fungorum, Mycetophilidae, Nematoda, Nematode parasite relationships, new nematode parasite species, new species, parasitism evidence in amber, phylogeny},
	author = {Poinar, G. O. , Jr.}
}
@article {23194,
	title = {The systematics and palaeogeography of the Lower Jurassic insects of Dorset, England},
	year = {1985},
	note = {English},
	keywords = {-fig; {\textquoteright}; d; *** POLYPHAGA-; **** ELATEROIDEA-; ***** ELATERIDAE-; Elater vetustus; Brodie 1845; DESIGNATED, -fig; {\textquoteright}; d; ***** CUPEDIDAE-; Liassocupes? maculatus; SP-NOV; England, COLEOPTERA-; DIPTERA-; LEPIDOPTERA-; HEMIPTERA-; CHECKLISTS-; PHYLOGENY-; PALAEOECOLOGY-; PALAEOZOOGEOGRAPHY-; ENGLAND-; Dorset; Systematics ; \&;  zoogeography; LOWER-JURASSIC; Systematics, Lower Jurassic; P.-167, phylogeny, Systematics, zoogeography ; \&;  systematics; DERMAPTERA-; MECOPTERA-; NEUROPTERA-; ODONATA-; ORTHOPTERA-; LOWER-JURASSIC; England; Ecology, zoogeography ; \&;  systematics; INSECTA-; CHECKLISTS-; PHYLOGENY-; PALAEOECOLOGY-; PALAEOZOOGEOGRAPHY-; ENGLAND-; Dorset; Systematics ; \&;  zoogeography; LOWER-JURASSIC; Ecology, zoogeography; First records for Britain ; \&;  Lower Jurassic; * INSECTA-; ** COLEOPTERA-; *** ARCHOSTEMATA-; **** CUPEDOIDEA-; ***** CUPEDIDAE-; Liassocupes? giganteus; SP-NOV; England, zoogeography; First records for Britain ; \&;  Lower Jurassic; Ecology},
	author = {Whalley, P. E. S.}
}
