@article {43673, title = {Fungus gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae \& Mycetophilidae) from Tyresta National Park and Nature Reserve in Sweden}, journal = {Sahlbergia }, volume = {14}, year = {2008}, pages = {29-52}, abstract = {Faunistic data on fungus gnats from the boreonemoral, old-growth, pine-dominated forests of Tyresta National Park and the surrounding Nature Reserve are presented. The material was collected with Malaise traps, window traps and coloured pan traps at 15 sites in the years 1997-2003. The Tyresta forest suffered from a 450 ha area wild-fire in 1999, and about half (55\%) of the samples originates from newly, partly heavily burnt wild-fire sites. Altogether 248 species are recorded, including 22 species new to Sweden, viz. Symmerus nobilis Lackschewitz, 1937, Orfelia unicolor (Staeger, 1840), Phthinia winnertzi Mik, 1869, Sciophila krysheni Polevoi, 2001, Sciophila modesta Zaitzev, 1982, Sciophila persubtilis Polevoi, 2001, Sciophila setosa Garrett, 1925, Boletina edwardsi Chandler, 1992, Gnoriste harcyniae von Roder, 1887, Allodia (Allodia) anglofennica Edwards, 1921, Allodia (Brachycampta) foliifera (Strobl, 1910), Anatella ankeli Plassmann, 1977, Exechiopsis (Xenexechia) perspicua (Johannsen, 1912), Synplasta pseudingeniosa Zaitzev, 1993, Mycetophila dziedzickii Chandler, 1977, Mycetophila gentilicia Zaitzev, 1999, Mycetophila lubomirskii Dziedzicki, 1884, Phronia distincta Hackman, 1970, Sceptonia regni Chandler, 1991, Sceptonia thaya Sevcik, 2004, Trichonta clavigera Lundstrom, 1913, and Trichonta subterminalis Zaitzev \& Menzel, 1996. Five species (1 Diadocidia, 1 Docosia, 2 Cordyla and 1 Dynatosoma) are regarded as new to science and will be described elsewhere. The species richness and composition fits well the general picture of increasing species diversity towards north when compared with other surveys in the Nordic region. The material shows no significant difference between fire-sites and intact forest with respect to number of specimens caught, but the species composition is quite different. As expected, the highest number of species (185) was found at the undisturbed sites, and 43 species are significantly found to be avoiding the fire sites. Still, attraction of many fungus gnats to wild-fire sites is strongly indicated by a high number of species (151) captured there, of which 37 species are significantly over-represented at such sites. For 201 species (81\%) the known larval habitat is given, showing that fungus gnats from Tyresta are dependant upon a rich biota of both epigeal and wood-growing fungi, and on decaying wood, particularly of deciduous trees.}, url = {http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/add01/Jakovlev_al_2008_fungus_gnats_from_tyresta.pdf}, author = {Jakovlev, Jevgeni and Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein and Viklund, Bert} } @article {26803, title = {Review of fungus gnats in the genus Tarnania Tuomikoski, with a phylogeny of the Rymosia s.l. genus group (Diptera : Mycetophilidae)}, journal = {Insect Systematics \& Evolution}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, year = {2006}, pages = {121-148}, abstract = {

The four known species of Tarnania Tuomikoski are reviewed, viz. T dziedzickii (Edwards, 1941), T. fenestralis (Meigen, 1818), T. nemoralis (Edwards, 1941), and T. tarnanii (Dziedzicki, 1910). Males and females are re-described, photographed and their terminalia figured. An attempt is made to homologize and name specific substructures of the male gonostylus, widely recognizable within the tribe Exechiini. A phylogenetic analysis of the Tarnania species, including representatives of the six other genera of the Rymosia s. lat. genus group, strengthens the view that Tarnania is monophyletic. Tarnania is supported by six unambiguous character changes of which three are considered to be unique synapomorphies, viz. 1) lower parts of metepisternum and metepimeron covered with campaniform sensilla; 2) hind tibia with several curved bristles posterodorsally, placed irregularly in more than one row; and 3) anterior branch of male gonostylus forming an elongated, bifurcated lobe. The most parsimonious hypothesis for relationships among the species of Tarnania is ((T tarnanii + T nemoralis) + (T dziedzickii + T fenestralis)). The practice of regarding the genera of the Rymosia s. lat. genus group as an assemblage of plesiomorphic genera is also supported, the most parsimonious hypothesis for relationships among them being (Notolopha (Allodiopsis (Myrosia (Synplasta (Tarnania + (Rymosia + Pseudorymosia)))))). Tarnania is most diverse in northwestern Europe, with all four species known from Norway, Sweden, Great Britain, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, and France. T dziedzickii extends its distribution southwards to include the North African and the Near East Regions. T. fenestralis is widely distributed in the western Palaearctic Region and extends its distribution eastwards to the eastern Palaearctic region. Only T. tarnanii displays a wide Holarctic distribution including most of Russia, Alaska, Canada and Greenland.

}, author = {Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein} } @article {26326, title = {Fungus gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from M{\o}re og Romsdal}, journal = {Norwegian Journal of Entomology}, volume = {54}, year = {2007}, month = {12/2007}, pages = {147-171}, abstract = {

Faunistic data on fungus gnats from the county of M\øre og Romsdal in Norway are presented and all species known from the county are summarized in a checklist. Treatment of some 23000 specimens, collected with one Malaise trap and one window trap for a whole year each, resulted in the identification of 315 species from a single site at Jordalsgrend, Sunndal municipality. Material from three other localities in M\øre og Romsdal and a few previously published records adds 42 species, bringing the total up to 357 species belonging to the families Bolitophilidae (11), Diadocidiidae (6), Ditomyiidae (2), Keroplatidae (11) and Mycetophilidae (327). Ten of the species are considered to be new to science and three species represented with single females could not be identified to species level. Records of 57 species are published for the first time from Norway, including three species that have been listed from Norway without any published records. The 34 species included in the Norwegian 2006 Red Data List are commented on. The high species diversity found at Jordalsgrend reveals a new picture when compared with other surveys in the Nordic region, and may have implications for future forest management, as boreal-oceanic, old-growth, deciduous forests are underrepresented in most conservation plans.

}, author = {Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein and John Bjarne Jordal} } @article {26324, title = {Annotated checklist of fungus gnats from Sweden (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae)}, journal = {Insect Systematics and Evolution Supplements}, volume = {65}, year = {2007}, month = {12/2007}, pages = {1{\textendash}128}, abstract = {

The first modern Swedish checklist of fungus gnats of the families Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae is presented. The checklist results from a comprehensive literature research as well as treatment of a considerable determined and undetermined material from Swedish museum collections and recent material from several sources. To get better grounds for judging many old and doubtful records from Sweden, a nearly complete review of fungus gnats from the J. W. Zetterstedt collection at the Museum of Zoology in Lund has been undertaken and identifications corrected where needed. In order to preserve nomenclatural stability three species names are reinstated, all with priority over junior synonyms, viz. Orfelia lugubris (Zetterstedt, 1851) comb. n. = Orfelia tristis (Lundstr\öm, 1911) syn. n., Ectrepesthoneura ovata Ostroverkhova, 1977 = Ectrepesthoneura bucera Plassmann, 1980 syn. n., and Dynatosoma thoracicum (Zetterstedt, 1838) sens. auct. nec Zaitzev = Dynatosoma norwegiense Zaitzev \& \Økland, 1994 syn. n. We further find the holotype of Mycetophila grisea Zetterstedt, 1852 to be identical to Mycetophila perpallida Chandler, 1993, but retain Mycetophila perpallida pending a review of other possible synonyms with precedence. Ectrepesthoneura pubescens (Zetterstedt, 1860) is found to be a synonym of Ectrepesthoneura unifurcata (Zetterstedt, 1860) comb. n. syn. n. where the first name is retained as valid due to page priority. Four names described by Zetterstedt remain nom. dub., viz.: Mycomya diluta (Zetterstedt, 1860), Mycomya (Mycomya) notata (Zetterstedt, 1860), Brevicornu fusculum (Zetterstedt, 1838), and Brevicornu obscurellum (Zetterstedt, 1838) comb. n. Stigmatomeria obscura (Winnertz, 1863) sp. restit. is found to be a distinct species separate from Stigmatomeria crassicornis (Stannius, 1831). New combinations are suggested for Exechia praedita Plassmann, 1976 = Exechiopsis (Xenexechia) praedita (Plassmann, 1976) comb. n., and for Rhymosia pectinacea Ostroverkhova, 1979 = Pseudexechia pectinacea (Ostroverkhova, 1979) comb. n. Having removed 17 published species names with doubtful or wrong records (listed at the end) we find that the published sources comprise altogether 585 species. 137 species are reported for the first time in Sweden, bringing the total up to 722. Additional 36 species considered to be new to science are mentioned for completeness, but will be further presented and described elsewhere. Hence, at present the known fauna (including claimed undescribed species) comprises 758 species in 83 genera; 25 species of the family Bolitophilidae, 5 of the family Diadocidiidae, 3 of the family Ditomyiidae, 45 of the family Keroplatidae, 679 of the family Mycetophilidae and 1 in the unplaced genus Sciarosoma Chandler. For each species a full account of published Swedish sources with pagination, all synonyms used in Sweden and the currently known distribution in the Swedish provinces as well as the known world distribution is given. The Swedish species of fungus gnats are generally very widespread: 47\% being widespread in Europe, 43\% being distributed in the Eastern Palaearctic Region, and 25\% having a Holarctic distribution. We find significantly higher species richness in the boreal forests of northern Sweden, but only 3\% of the species so far described are known only from the Nordic biogeographical region.

}, url = {http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/add01/Kjerandsen_et_al_2007_Checklist_Sweden.pdf}, author = {Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein and Hedmark, Kjell and Kurina, Olavi and Polevoi, Alexei and {\O}kland, Bj{\o}rn and Frank G{\"o}tmark} } @article {23397, title = {Molecular phylogeny of the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Mycetophilidae, Diptera)}, journal = {Zoologica Scripta}, volume = {36}, year = {2007}, pages = {327-335}, abstract = {The phylogenetic relationships within the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini have been left unattended for many years. Recent studies have not shed much light on the intergeneric relationship within the tribe. Here the first attempt to resolve the phylogeny of the tribe Exechiini using molecular markers is presented. The nuclear 18S and the mitochondrial 16S, and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) genes were successfully sequenced for 20 species representing 15 Exechiini genera and five outgroup genera. Bayesian, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses revealed basically congruent tree topologies and the monophyly of Exechiini, including the genus Cordyla, is confirmed. The molecular data corroborate previous morphological studies in several aspects. Cordyla is found in a basal clade together with Brachypeza, Pseudorymosia and Stigmatomeria. The splitting of the genera Allodiopsis s.l. and Brevicornu s.l. as well as the sistergroup relationship of Exechia and Exechiopsis is also supported. The limited phylogenetic information provided by morphological characters is mirrored in the limited resolution of the molecular markers used in this study. Short internal and long-terminal branches obtained may indicate a rapid radiation of the Exechiini genera during a short evolutionary period.}, doi = {10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00285.x}, url = {http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Rindal_et_al_2007_Exechiini.pdf}, author = {Rindal, Eirik and S{\o}li, Geir E. E. and Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein and Bachmann, Lutz} } @article {23359, title = {Diptera in mines and cave systems in southern Norway}, journal = {Entomologica Fennica}, volume = {4}, year = {1993}, pages = {151-160}, abstract = {The dipterous fauna in 32 mines, 5 caves and some other cave systems in southern Norway has been studied with regard to species composition and periodicity. Some 20 000 specimens belonging to 80 species in 18 families were recorded. Mycetophilidae (95.0\%), Culicidae (3.2\%) and Heleomyzidae (1.3\%), dominated. With the exception of Speolepta leptogaster (Winnertz, 1863) (Mycetophilidae), a possible troglophile, all species must be regarded as trogloxenes, most of them habitual trogloxenes inhabiting cave systems for hibernation. Some differences regarding species composition in different cave systems and between western and eastern Norway were demonstrated. Seasonal occurrence and sex-ratios reflect different life cycle strategies and seasonal adaptations among the habitual trogloxenes: hibernators, (Mycetophilidae, Culicidae), aestivators (Limoniidae, Bolitophilidae), species which seek cave systems independent of sex and season (Heleomyzidae, Trichoceridae), and opportunists (Chironomidae, Phoridae?, Dixidae?). Species belonging to other families are most likely accidental trogloxenes.}, url = {http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/add01/kjaerandsen_1993_Cave_Diptera_Norway.pdf}, author = {Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein} } @article {22279, title = {A review of fungus gnats in the tribe Exechiini (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from the J. W. Zetterstedt collection at the Museum of Zoology in Lund, Sweden}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {856}, year = {2005}, pages = {1-35}, abstract = {The collections of fungus gnats by Johan Wilhelm Zetterstedt (1785ы1874), lodged in the Museum of Zoology in Lund, Sweden, are examined for all species belonging in the tribe Exechiini Edwards. The majority of the material was collected in Fennoscandia, mainly in Sweden, in the first half of the 19th century. Altogether 37 species of the tribe Exechiini could be safely identified. Three additional species are strongly indicated to be present in the collections, but could not be identified with certainty, viz. Allodia (Brachycampta) alternans (Zetterstedt, 1838), Cordyla murina Winnertz, 1863 and Stigmatomeria crassicornis (Stannius, 1831). Some of Zetterstedt{\textquoteright}s types have been erroneously synonymized and misinterpreted in modern literature. Hence, illustrations of terminalia are presented for all recognizable Exechiini types described by Zetterstedt. In order to preserve nomenclatural stability a lectotype is selected for Brevicornu griseolum (Zetterstedt, 1852) sensu auctore nec Edwards, and a neotype is selected for Allodia (Brachycampta) alternans (Zetterstedt, 1838). Two species names are reinstated, viz. Brevicornu canescens (Zetterstedt, 1852) sp. restit. stat. n. and Notolopha brachycera (Zetterstedt, 1838) sp. restit. stat. n. Two new synonyms are established, viz. Notolopha brachycera (Zetterstedt, 1838) = Allodiopsis (Notolopha) tuomikoskii Zaitzev \& Maximova, 2000 syn. n., and Brevicornu griseolum (Zetterstedt,1852) = Brevicornu boreale (Lundstrom, 1914) syn. n. All type specimens of Brevicornu fusculum (Zetterstedt, 1838) have lost their abdomens. No material of Exechia parvula (Zetterstedt, 1852) or Cordyla canescens Zetterstedt, 1852 could be located in the collections. Although the type material of Exechia parvula probably is lost, the name is still valid as a junior synonym for Mycetophila nana Staeger, 1840 since Mycetophila nana Staeger, 1840 is a junior primary homonym of Mycetophila nana Macquart, 1826. Cordyla canescens has been made a junior synonym for Stigmatomeria crassicornis (Stannius, 1831). The identity of Brevicornu fusculum is highly uncertain and the name must remain as a nomen dubium. Eleven species are reinstated or correctly reported from Sweden for the first time: Allodia (Allodia) tuomikoskii Hackman, 1971, Allodia (Allodia) zaitzevi Kurina, 1998, Allodiopsis rustica (Edwards, 1941), Brevicornu canescens (Zetterstedt, 1852), Brevicornu nigrofuscum (Lundstrom, 1909), Exechiopsis (Xenexechia) crucigera (Lundstrom, 1909), Pseudexechia aurivernica Chandler, 1978, Notolopha brachycera (Zetterstedt, 1852) Synplasta gracilis (Winnertz, 1863), Tarnania dziedzickii (Edwards, 1941), and Tarnania nemoralis (Edwards, 1941).}, keywords = {BT: Systematics-; Nomenclature-; Type-material; Synonymy-; Available-name; Taxonomy-; Status-; Animals-and-man; Education-and-entertainment; Land-zones; Palaearctic-region; Eurasia-; Europe-; DE: Exechiini- ( Mycetophilidae- ) : Museums-collections-and-}, url = {http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Kjerandsen_2005_types_of_Zetterstedt.pdf}, author = {Kj{\ae}randsen, Jostein} }