01903nas a2200157   4500008004100000245012600041210006900167260001200236300001200248490000700260520132600267100001801593700002201611700001701633856009501650       2009                        eng d00aOn the systematics of the fungus gnat subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera): a combined morphological and molecular approach0 asystematics of the fungus gnat subfamily Mycetophilinae Diptera   c08/2009  a227-2330 v473 aThe phylogenetic relationships within the fungus gnat subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera) are addressed using a combined morphological and molecular approach. Twenty-four species, representing nine genera of the tribe Mycetophilini and 15 genera of the tribe Exechiini, were included in the study. Analyses include nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I and 16S), and nuclear (18S and 28S rDNA) genes, in addition to 65 morphological characters. A combined parsimony analysis, including all characters, supports the monophyly of the subfamily Mycetophilinae and two of its tribes, Exechiini and Mycetophilini. There is also statistical support for a Mycetophila-group and a Phronia-group within the tribe Mycetophilini. The Phronia-group includes the genera Phronia, Macrobrachius and Trichonta. The Mycetophila-group includes the genera Mycetophila, Epicypta, Platurocypta, Sceptonia and Zygomyia. A Bayesian analysis based on the nucleotide sequences alone also support these clades within Mycetophilini except for the position of Dynatosoma which is recovered as the sister taxon to the Phronia-group. A somewhat different pattern, however, is observed for the tribe Exechiini - neither molecular data nor the combined data set support unambiguously any intergeneric relationships within Exechiini.1 aRindal, Eirik1 aSoli, Geir, E. E.1 aBachmann, L.  uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Rindal_et_al_2009_Mycetophilinae_Phylogeny.pdf01848nas a2200157   4500008004100000245008500041210006900126300001200195490000700207520131100214100001801525700002301543700002501566700001901591856008001610       2007                        eng d00aMolecular phylogeny of the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Mycetophilidae, Diptera)0 aMolecular phylogeny of the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini Mycetophi  a327-3350 v363 aThe phylogenetic relationships within the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini have been left unattended for many years. Recent studies have not shed much light on the intergeneric relationship within the tribe. Here the first attempt to resolve the phylogeny of the tribe Exechiini using molecular markers is presented. The nuclear 18S and the mitochondrial 16S, and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) genes were successfully sequenced for 20 species representing 15 Exechiini genera and five outgroup genera. Bayesian, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses revealed basically congruent tree topologies and the monophyly of Exechiini, including the genus Cordyla, is confirmed. The molecular data corroborate previous morphological studies in several aspects. Cordyla is found in a basal clade together with Brachypeza, Pseudorymosia and Stigmatomeria. The splitting of the genera Allodiopsis s.l. and Brevicornu s.l. as well as the sistergroup relationship of Exechia and Exechiopsis is also supported. The limited phylogenetic information provided by morphological characters is mirrored in the limited resolution of the molecular markers used in this study. Short internal and long-terminal branches obtained may indicate a rapid radiation of the Exechiini genera during a short evolutionary period.1 aRindal, Eirik1 aSøli, Geir, E. E.1 aKjærandsen, Jostein1 aBachmann, Lutz  uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Rindal_et_al_2007_Exechiini.pdf