02040nas a2200217   4500008004100000245009500041210006900136300001200205490000700217520098900224653026001213653001601473653001601489653012001505653001301625653001301638653001801651653008601669100001801755856004901773       2001                        eng d00aHistological structure of the food canal in Nematocera (Diptera) imago head. 3. Sciaroidea0 aHistological structure of the food canal in Nematocera Diptera i  a421-4320 v803 a<p>Sciaroid gnats have different pharyngeal apparatus, despite similar mouthparts and food specialization. The pharynx in Bolitophilidae and Sciaridae is similar to that in Tipulomorpha, Psychodomorpha species and in some representatives of Culicomorpha. Whereas another pharynx type was found in Macroceridae, Keroplatidae, and in some Mycetophilidae species. Its specific features are as follows: nonsclerotized intima, folded epithelium, and a layer of circular muscular fibers around the epithelium. When the sclerotization of the pharynx wall becomes weaker, muscular fibers of the posterior dorsal dilators shift their insertion from the dorsal wall of the pharynx to its lateral longitudinal ridges. The structure of the pharynx in Keroplatidae-Macroceridae is similar to that in Chironomidae described earlier. The characteristics of the pharynx in representatives of these three families may reflect both a weakening of its activity and changes in its mode of function.</p>
10aAnimalia-; Bolitophilidae- (Diptera-): gnat-; Culicomorpha- (Diptera-): gnat-; Keroplatidae- (Diptera-): gnat-; Macroceridae- (Diptera-): gnat-; Mycetophilidae- (Diptera-): gnat-; Psychodomorpha- (Diptera-): gnat-; Sciaridae- (Diptera-): gnat-; Tipulomorp10aArthropoda-10aArthropods-10aDental-and-Oral-System: Ingestion-and-Assimilation; Digestive-System: Ingestion-and-Assimilation; [75314-] Diptera-10aInsecta-10aInsects-10aInvertebrata-10aInvertebrates-; pharynx-: dental-and-oral-system; food-canal; food-specialization1 aPanov, A., A.  uhttps://sciaroidea.myspecies.info/node/22741