Tarnania nemoralis
In caves
In caves
The text is based on Kjærandsen (2006): Review of fungus gnats in the genus Tarnania Tuomikoksi, with a phylogeny of the Rymosia s.l. genus group (Diptera : Mycetophilidae)
The species are known to hibernate in mines and caves (•).
Apart from the coloration as given in the key (• males) the male can be separated from other Tarnania primarily by the shape of the hypandrial lobe, which in ventral view is wide rectangular basally, then abruptly constricted into a long, narrow cylindrical process (C); in lateral view with large apical hook (C). Further diagnostic characters of the male include: Ventral branch of the gonostylus with long setae internally on apical half (C); and the aedeagus being wide triangular, with wide, rectangular excavation anteriorly (C). The female is best separated from other Tarnania by the combination of pale coloration (females), having narrowly pointed gonapophysis VIII, and both cercus I and cercus II slender (C).
Male (n = 5, except where otherwise stated).
Coloration (fresh animal in alcohol): Antenna with scape, pedicel and basal half of first flagellomere light yellow; rest of flagellum brown, paler towards apex. Head reddish yellow, distinctly darker in front of lateral ocellus; postgena pale yellow; clypeus yellow, maxillary palp yellow. Thorax pale reddish yellow without well defined mesonotal stripes, humeral areas pale yellow; most of anepisternum, lower half of katepisternum, posterior margin of laterotergite, posterior two thirds of mediotergite and metepisternum yellowish brown; thoracic sclerites otherwise pale yellow. Wing unmarked; yellow tinted, especially in costal and radial sector; wing veins yellow with dark setae. Halter whitish. Legs pale yellow; mid and hind coxae with medium sized, distinct brownish spot apicomedially. Abdomen mainly reddish brown with narrow yellow bands apically, tergite III–V with triangular reddish yellow area lateroapically, hardly granulated with dark spots except in narrow transition zone; tergite VI dark brown; sternites gradually darker towards terminalia; terminalia yellow; tergite IX and cercus reddish yellow.
Head: Round, width/length to frontal tubercle 1.3–1.47, 1.41. Antenna 1.7–1.84 (n=4) mm long. First flagellomere 1.7–1.93, 1.82 times as long as second flagellomere. Second flagellomere 1.11–1.67, 1.31 times as long as wide. Length/width of clypeus 0.51–0.69, 0.58. Antepenultimate palpomere 0.16–0.2, 0.18 mm long, palpomere ratios 1: 1.41–1.71, 1.53: 3.06–3.48, 3.29.
Thorax: One strong proepisternal bristle.
Wings: Wing length to length of R1 1.87–2.19, 2.06. R5 slightly sinusoid, wing length to length of R5 1.62–1.72, 1.66. Crossvein ta with small, distinct white spot. Length of ta to length of M-petiole 1–1.38, 1.16. Fork length ratio (A/B) 1.01–1.22, 1.15. Fork width ratios (C/D and E/F) 1.76–1.95, 1.89 and 0.71–0.83, 0.77. M-ratios 0.59–0.67, 0.63 and 0.64–0.73, 0.69. CuA-ratios 0.62–0.74, 0.67 and 0.79–0.96, 0.87. CuP length to length of wing 0.58–0.6, 0.59. A1 length to length of wing 0.42–0.47, 0.45.
Legs: Leg ratios given for fore, mid and hind leg: LR 1.19–1.31, 1.24: 1.04–1.26, 1.13: 0.77–0.82, 0.8; SV 1.48–1.66, 1.57: 1.56–1.9, 1.76: 2.17–2.36, 2.27; BV 1.45–1.63, 1.51: 1.91–2.06, 1.96: 2.97–3.12, 3.08; TR 1.55–1.67, 1.59: 1.82–1.96, 1.88: 2.42–2.49, 2.45.
Terminalia (•): Genitalia smaller than abdominal segment VI. Tergite IX shorter than wide, with relatively few setae. Cercus short, 2.68–3.89, 3.3 as long as wide in dorsal view; with dorsal widening basomedially. Aedeagus wide triangular, with wide, rectangular excavation anteriorly. Hypandrial lobe in ventral view wide rectangular basally, then abruptly constricted into a long, narrow cylindrical process; in lateral view with large apical hook. Gonostylus with dorsointernal branch fan-shaped; median branch with apical half distinctly tapered, apically without seta; ventral branch without distinct protrusion apicodorsally, with long setae internally on apical half.
Female (n = 5, except where otherwise stated):
Coloration (fresh animal in alcohol): As for male, except abdominal tergite III - VI with larger, triangular reddish yellow areas laterally; tergite VII yellow basally, with broad reddish band apically; terminalia reddish yellow.
Head: Round, width/length to frontal tubercle 1.41–1.53, 1.44. Antenna 1.7–1.86 (n=4) mm long. First flagellomere 1.7–2.13, 1.96 times as long as second flagellomere. Second flagellomere 1.25–1.45, 1.34 times as long as wide. Length/width of clypeus 0.59–0.64, 0.61. Antepenultimate palpomere 0.17–0.22, 0.19 mm long, palpomere ratios 1: 1.53–1.76, 1.66: 3.21–3.5, 3.39.
Thorax: One strong proepisternal bristle. Wings:Wing length to length of R1 2.02–2.25, 2.11. R5 slightly sinusoid, wing length to length of R5 1.65–1.76, 1.69. Crossvein ta with small, distinct white spot. Length of ta to length of M-petiole 1.19–1.36, 1.26. Fork length ratio (A/B) 1.18–1.32, 1.23. Fork width ratios (C/D and E/F) 1.85–2.28, 2.08 and 0.55–0.74, 0.68. M-ratios 0.63–0.68, 0.65 and 0.68–0.74, 0.7. CuA-ratios 0.58–0.67, 0.62 and 0.76–0.87, 0.82. CuP length to length of wing 0.56–0.59, 0.57. A1 length to length of wing 0.43–0.45, 0.45.
Legs: Leg ratios given for fore, mid and hind leg: LR 1.22–1.27, 1.24: 1.1–1.15, 1.12: 0.79–0.89, 0.82; SV 1.53–1.62, 1.57: 1.69–1.79, 1.75: 2.1–2.3, 2.21; BV 1.53–1.61, 1.56: 1.94–2.04, 2.01: 3.02–3.33, 3.23; TR 1.58–1.66, 1.63: 1.86–1.98, 1.92: 2.42–3.03, 2.64.
Terminalia (•): Cercus I slender, not conical. Cercus II slender, 3.25–3.53, 3.34 as long as wide in lateral view. Gonapophysis VIII narrowly pointed towards apex; apicodorsal margin usually distinct sinusoid.
Male (n = 5): Total length 7–8.5, 7.7 mm. Wing length 4.1–4.7, 4.41 mm, or 3.37–3.56, 3.48 x as long as profemur. Mesonotum length 1.02–1.34, 1.22 mm, or 0.25–0.29, 0.28 x as long as wing.
Female (n = 5): Total length 8–9, 8.4 mm. Wing length 4.44–5.34, 4.78 mm, or 3.46–3.66, 3.56 x as long as profemur. Mesonotum length 1.2–1.56, 1.32 mm, or 0.27–0.29, 0.28 x as long as wing.
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